Biologically-Active Secondary Metabolites of Foliar Endophytes of Conifers and the Understory Species Rhododendron Groenlandicum from the Acadian Forest
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Cronartium ribicola, the causative agent of white pine blister rust is damaging to all five-needle pine species. Existing methods of treatment are largely ineffective, resulting in the need of more innovative approaches. Studies have shown that some conifer endophytes produce compounds that display potent antifungal activity, including towards haploid cultures of C. ribicola. Three conifer endophyte species were studied here. Compounds 1 – 4, (1’Z)-dechloromycorrhizin A (1), mycorrhizin A (2), chloromycorrhizin A (3) and the new natural product 3-chloro-4-[(1Z)-1’-chloroprop-1’-en-1’-yl]-9-hydroxy-8,8-dimethyl-9,4,5,8-tetrahydro-2H-1-benzopyran-5,2-dione (4) were isolated from L. papyraceum. Compounds 5 and 6 were produced by D. celastrina and were both identified as phomosolide A and a stable pyrone moiety of phomopsolide A respectively. The remaining compounds 2-(7-methoxy-2,5,6-trimethyl-4-oxo-4 H-benzo[d][1,3]dioxin-2-yl)propanoic acid (7), (E)-6-((3’-carboxybut-2’-en-2’-yl)oxy)-4-methoxy-2,3-dimethylbenzoic acid (8) and 2-(6-(hydroxymethyl)-7-methoxy-2,5-dimethyl-4-oxo-4H-benzo[d][1,3]dioxin-2-yl)propanoic acid (9) were isolated from S. foliicola and are novel metabolites. All compounds possessed antimicrobial activity in B. subtilis, E. coli, S. cerevisiae and M. violaceum assays.
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Copyright © 2015 the author(s). Theses may be used for non-commercial research, educational, or related academic purposes only. Such uses include personal study, research, scholarship, and teaching. Theses may only be shared by linking to Carleton University Institutional Repository and no part may be used without proper attribution to the author. No part may be used for commercial purposes directly or indirectly via a for-profit platform; no adaptation or derivative works are permitted without consent from the copyright owner.
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