What are the Risks? From School Bullying in Youth to Cyberbullying in Emerging Adulthood
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Objective:Cyberbullying is a complex phenomenon, and the risk factors associated with cyberbullying are dynamic in nature. Several cyberbullying risk factors identified in the literature were examined as moderators in the relation between youth school bullying and cyberbullying in emerging adulthood.Method:Carleton University undergraduates (N = 932) were invited to complete questionnaires about their childhood experiences with traditional bullying, cyberbullying in university, impulsivity, empathy, mental health, and parental bonding. Results: Multiple regression analyses indicated that empathy, depression, and anxiety significantly moderated the relationship between early bullying experiences and cyberbullying. Further, exploratory three-way interaction results indicated that depression and anxiety together moderated the relation between traditional victimization and cyber victimization.Conclusion:These results have the potential to help researchers and practitioners target relevant factors, such as empathy and mental health when developing intervention strategies. Limitations and future directions were presented.
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Copyright © 2019 the author(s). Theses may be used for non-commercial research, educational, or related academic purposes only. Such uses include personal study, research, scholarship, and teaching. Theses may only be shared by linking to Carleton University Institutional Repository and no part may be used without proper attribution to the author. No part may be used for commercial purposes directly or indirectly via a for-profit platform; no adaptation or derivative works are permitted without consent from the copyright owner.
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