Landless Souls Are Still Living: The Kwupahag and Muanbissek

There have been at least a dozen Abenaki tribal groups residing in New England. Abenaki tribal identity can be methodologically dissected by place names and lifestyles, as well as the geographic areas inhabited and trading relations when the 1713, 1717, 1721, and 1727 treaties were issued between colonial authorities and Abenaki chiefs. The search for tribal identity can especially be focused on the Kwupahag of the Eastern Abenakis and the Muanbissek of the Western Abenakis, examines how to redefine the correlations among these Abenaki groups through network visualizations created by Gephi. Performing network analysis of graphs can imply ideological concepts about the nature of Abenaki peoples, although no answer or result can be provided. After the potential verification of this thesis, the graphs produced can offer access to Indigenous communities that are interesting in maintaining Indigenous rights and consider the significance of the historical relationships between Abenaki peoples.